| Introduction to Video Cabling |
Analog signals (audio or video) require adequate shielding to protect them from interference and sufficiently low capacitance relative to the impedance of the source and load to avoid high-frequency losses. A cable with right impedance matched for signal source and receiver impedances is required for carrying high frequency signals such as video signals, digital audio, TV/radio antenna. Any good quality 75-ohm coaxial cable works properly for either video or digital audio in a home system even in professional systems.
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RG-59U - Overview
RG-59U is a specific type of coaxial cable that is used for low-power video and RF signal connections. The cable features a characteristic impedance of 75 ohms which matches a dipole antenna in free space. "RG" was originally a unit indicator for bulk RF cable in the U.S. military's Joint Electronics Type Designation System. RG-59U is frequently used to synchronize two digital audio devices, such as ADAT optical devices.
RG-59U is often used at base band video frequencies, such as composite video and may also be used for broadcast frequencies, but its high-frequency losses are too high to allow its use over long distances. RG-59U usually comes with consumer equipment, such as VCRs or digital cable/satellite receivers. RG-59U is usually included by manufacturers with consumer equipment because of its low cost as compared to RG-6.
Applications:
Suitable for RF signal transmission
CATV, MATV and CCTV†
Local Area Network
Digital video
Monitor/VDT display
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RG-6 - Overview
RG-6 cable is the common type of coaxial cable used for commercial and household purposes. RG-6 is the term used to describe a whole range of cable designs that may well differ from one another in center conductor composition, dielectric type, or shielding characteristics. RG was originally a military specification meaning Radio Guide, but today it is used to describe coaxial cables with 75-ohm impedance and 18 AWG center conductors.
RG-6 can be ideally used for distribution of feeds from a satellite dish, cable TV service or rooftop antenna. Inferior shielding or signal leakage problems seen in RG-59 cable are eliminated in RG-6. These cables have 18 AWG center conductors and 75 ohm impedance.
Applications:
Distribution of signals from a satellite dish, cable TV, and also signals from a rooftop antenna.
Professional video applications, carrying either baseband analog video signals or serial digital interface (SDI) signals
Direct Broadcast Satellite
Analog, Digital and Hybrid Cable TV Systems
FM Broadcast
MATV
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RG-11 - Overview
RG-11 cable is ideally used in the networks of satellite and cable television as it provides crystal-clear sound and audio input. They are included in the list of specifications required for the installation of CL1, CL2, CM, CMX and CMGs. Security wise as well these cables are preferred as they are tested to a range of about 3GHz to ensure that they provide the best possible performance when used at applicable frequencies.
The RG-11 cable jacket is marked in sequence at intervals of two feet which helps you keep track of the length of the cable being used. These cables ensure to be foolproof with the bonded aluminum foil along with the support of more foil composed of 60% aluminum braid and 40% aluminum braid.
Applications:
Cable TV or satellite applications
Thicknet (thick Ethernet) cabling
Transmits crystal-clear sound and audio input
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Cat 5e - Overview
Cat-5e unshielded twisted pair cable is ideal for use with Horizontal Cabling (HC) System or in the Backbone Cabling System. It functions as a connecting medium between the horizontal cross - connect and the wall outlet in a horizontal system and as a connecting medium between horizontal cross connect and main cross connect and/or HC to intermediate cross connect in a backbone cabling system. Cat 5e cable is an enhanced version of Cat 5 that adds specifications for far end crosstalk. Cat 5e was defined in 2001 as the TIA/EIA-568-B standard, which no longer recognizes the original Cat 5 specification.
CAT-5e is formally called ANSI/TIA/EIA 568A-5 or simply Cat-5e. Tighter specifications associated with Cat 5e cable, make it an excellent choice for use with 1000BASE-T. Cat 5e cable does not enable longer cable distances for Ethernet networks and are limited to a maximum of 100 m (328 ft) in length. CAT-5e is completely backward compatible with current CAT-5 equipment. CAT-5e offers a enhanced electrical performance ensures that the cable will support applications that require additional bandwidth, such as gigabit Ethernet or analog video.
Applications:
Horizontal Cabling (HC) System
Backbone Cabling System
1000BASE-T
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Cat-6 - Overview
Category 6 cable, also referred to as Cat-6, is a cable standard for Gigabit Ethernet and other network protocols that is backward compatible with the Category 5/5e and Category 3 cable standards.Cat-6 includes more stringent specifications for crosstalk and system noise. Category 6 cables provide performance of up to 250 MHz and are suitable for 10BASE-T / 100BASE-TX and 1000BASE-T / 1000BASE-TX (Gigabit Ethernet).
Cat 6 cable contains four twisted copper wire pairs, just like earlier copper cable standards. Cat-6 is normally terminated in 8P8C modular connectors, when used as a patch cable. Cat 6 comes with a minimum length of 100 meters (330 ft) when used for 10/100/1000baseT and 37 meters (120 ft) when used for 10GbaseT. Shielded Cat 6 are capable of 100m.
Applications:
Ethernet 10Base-T, 100Base-TX, and 1000Base-T (Gigabit Ethernet) connections
Ethernet computer networking
Security systems
Telephone services
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Fibre Optics - Overview
Fiber optic cables are designed to allow a high degree of flexibility and customization. Fiber-optic cables employ photons for the transmission of digital signals across a strand of ultra pure silica. The cable contains one or more optical fibers that are individually coated with plastic layers and contained in a protective tube suitable for the environment where the cable will be deployed. It dramatically lowers costs if fiber replaces copper for long distance calls and Internet traffic.
Modern fiber optic cables have a capacity to carry a signal to a distance of up to 60 miles (100 km). Fiber optic cables are light weight, come with a small diameter. These type of cables are also low cost and easy to install. Fiber-optic cables guide light from end to end. A signal is injected in one end by an LED (light-emitting diode) or by semiconductor lasers.
Applications:
Standard and custom cabling solutions
Networking
Harsh conditions that require performance and durability in the most demanding environments.
Provide maximum performance and durability in harsh conditions and demanding environments.
Unmanned vehicles with support mission-critical ground to UAV communication and data collection applications.
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| Other Commonly Used Cables |
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Cat 3
Cat 3 cable is one of the oldest cable standards used for data transmission. Cat 3, also known as Category 3 cable is an unshielded twisted pair (UTP) cable is designed to reliably carry data up to 10 Mbit/s, with a possible bandwidth of 16 MHz. Category 3 cable is very inexpensive and has an ability to provide outstanding communications for voice telephones lines in a PBX network.
Cat 3 is designed by keeping in mind, the copper cabling standards defined jointly by the Electronic Industries Alliance and the Telecommunications Industry Association. Cat 3 is even compatible with 802.3af PoE and is still recognized by TIA/EIA-568-B. Cat 3 is designed for a lower speed data transmission purpose and can cause transmission errors if it is used for faster speeds.
Category 3 was a popular cabling format among computer network administrators until the higher performing Cat 5 standard cables were introduced. Category 3 cables are still two-line telephone systems and can easily be adapted to run VoIP as long as a dedicated LAN for the VoIP telephone sets is created.
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Cat 5
Category 5 cable, commonly known as Cat 5 is a twisted pair high signal integrity cable. Many of the cat 5 cable are unshielded but some are shielded. Category 5e have superseded with Category 5 as Category 5e offers specification structured cabling for computer networks such as Ethernet and is also used to carry many other signals such as basic voice services, token ring, and ATM at up to 155 Mbit/s, over short distances.
The category 5 cable specification was defined in ANSI/TIA/EIA-568-A, with clarification in TSB-95. These documents specified performance characteristics and test requirements for frequencies of up to 100 MHz. Category 5 cable includes twisted pairs in a single cable jacket. The category 5 uses balanced lines that helps preserve a high signal-to-noise ratio despite interference from both external sources and other pairs.
Common applications of cat 5 cable include 100 Mbit/s networks, such as 100BASE-TX Ethernet, although IEEE 802.3ab defines standards for 1000BASE-T - Gigabit Ethernet over category 5 cables. Cat 5 cables typically come with three twists per inch of each twisted pair of 24 gauge copper wires within the cables.
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